Early Modern Drama · Character Archetypes

PHILANAX

in The Arcadia — Shirley, James

Metadata

PlayThe Arcadia
AuthorShirley, James
Year (catalogued)1640
First performance1640
Decade1640s
GenrePastoral Romance
Play typeAdult Professional
CompanyQueen Henrietta Maria's Men
TheaterPhoenix/Cockpit;Indoor Professional
Speech prefix(es)Philon. | Philon | Philon, | Phil.
Words1228
Characters6689
Typicality0.39 (cosine to cluster centroid)
TCP idA12149
BritDrama no.2481
ClusterCluster 19 — Grieving nobles & tragicomic sufferers

Important excerpts

Passages from this character's speech that contain the most distinguishing words for Cluster 19 (piety, thalander, crimes, blessings, loathed, pretend…). Matches are highlighted.

confined until You clear yourselves. Away with'em I command I am astonished, do you not wonder with me To hear the daughter of our late good King Lost to her filial piety, this comes. To near apracide Pamela. Countrymen It is apparent they have all conspired The death of the old king, me thinks I hear His groans confirm it, if you

Full speech

S Ir yet be gracious and hear them pray That beg not for their own, but for your safety And honour of your state which eclipse In your long dark and melancholy life, We want you at the helm. Our duties bind us tell you 'tis unnatural To bury your self alive, the people call For their own King to govern, the'ile forget To pray for you if you continue thus A stranger to em How can you see your eldest child Pamel Spend her best partly of time with such a rude And ignorant hind as the unbred Dametas? A Lady of a high and active soul, Our duties bids us tell you this. If your grace Could call him from this life you'd melt the hearts Of your Subject's into prayers for you I have read the Amazons described so We take our leaves my Lord again beseeching Your pardon for our boldness to reduce you To your own sphere of greatness Pamela gone, how does the King take it What sales the screech-oule Would What traitor? didst disarm him? Thou dost amaze me what said he? Idiot didst speak to his sword? A sleep, we lose time go you along with Dametas, seize upon that Traitor, o I am rend with sorrow Madam Be comforted Good Madam speak that I may understand, You poisoned him? he was Basilius Your husband and your King, it cannot be You are the Queen his wife New uproars. Look here unnatural children, for I cannot pronounce you Innocent, this circumstance betrays your gilded, see where your king and father lies a cold pattern for a tomb He was murdered, and you are accessaries Sure I have seen your face; were not you called Zelmane the Amazon? Disguises, injurious villain Prophaner of all hospitable laws You have done service worthy all your pardons. Now in my rage I could prevent the Law And sacrifice their treacherous bloods my self To this reverend hearse. Hence, load them with Irons, Ladies you must both Be patient to be confined until You clear yourselves. Away with'em I command I am astonished, do you not wonder with me To hear the daughter of our late good King Lost to her filial piety, this comes. To near apracide Pamela. Countrymen It is apparent they have all conspired The death of the old king, me thinks I hear His groans confirm it, if you suffer such A treason pass Arcadia will become The scorn of all the world, nor ever shall Any good prince; trust his life amongst you, For my Ambition, all the angels know How tedious the hours have been, since I Was forced to take this kingdoms weight upon me. But let not ceremony to the daughter. Whose title I dispute not shame our duties To him that was her father and our Master. Poisoned, yes poisoned by those men that have No names, and will betray in our remissness The honour of these Ladies and our country As they have done his precious life already, As you are good men let them be arraigned If they be innocent their goodness will Protect them, but if guilty let them die Like slaves unpitied. This your great love revives me, then convey All to the Castle, but command these two As traitors to be made safe, the ladies shall Be under mild restraint. Well remembered you. Are not to be discharged, lodge himsafe too. My Lord my partly to day is to accuse And not side in compassion. Yes, My Lord Has she not cause? Dametas to whose trust the King gave up Pamela his eldest daughter. Accompanied with her sister in the Castle Their presence might occasion some tumult, Nor do the Arcadian Laws allow proceeding Against the next of blood, as they permit not She should determine anything her self Till years or marriage enable her. Sir I look not for your thanks Madam stand to the bar. As you are just Let not her sorrow tempt you to forget What sin she hath committed, I want words To express the horror of the deed which will Throw shame on all her sex. You hear my Lord? The others to the bar Then first this Daiphantas, this Zelmane This what you will, for he hath yet no name Nor shape that we can trust to, having knowledge Of our late Master's solitary life, Came not without a purpose of this treachery And by the cunning of Gynecia Ith habit of a woman was received As and unsuspected guest, enjoyed the freedom, Of those whom the King placed nearest his bosom, His children not more deer, treason thus fortified They soon conspired the death of this good King, A cave this Gentlewoman's, lodging was The fatal scene where the unhappy Queen By his direction forced his deer life from him I omit what lustful motive prompted her That with more licence she might twine with this Hermophrodite, and that they had appointed Where they might meet when this black deed was done, But heaven was merciful and prevented her Flight by the happy coming in of Shepherds In the mean time transported with the confidence Of her performance, that he might not leave Any revenger of this hateful murder He hastily makes up to Philoclea's Chamber, Whereby the mingling (what he could) her shame With his offence, he easily might enforce Her to be accessary to her father's death, And under her protection, and her sisters (Gainst whom they knew we were not to rebel) So e with one gripe the state, but heaven preserved All by the unexpected coming up Of this Dametas. Who sought then for Pamela Which the other Princely thief had stolen away, And finding these, I mean Philoclea And this young man together, found occasion To enclose the ravisher till by command They were apprehended: thus you have in short His wicked story, and what punishment Will not be thought a mercy to that monster That kills a King, dishonoureth a Queen, And violates the daughter? O impudence. The imagination how miserable These jugglers would have made us and our Country If their disguise had prospered, strikes a terror Through all my faculties, my tongue's enfeebled. Therefore to omit his practice in the murder Which you may easily collect by circumstance This is enough to call him a foul traitor He did attempt to steal a way out princess The hope and treasure of Arcadia And taken in the fact dares not deny it, Had he no other cry me to answer for This pulls severe death on him, and to insist Upon offences of so foul a nature Were to distrust your wisdom or your Justice. Thou to there shame of mankind speak to this. How? Neglect of the great charge with which the King Our Master trusted him sums up his fault. Silence. The two most famous Princes in the world. The oracle is accomplished. Let me obtain your pardons Have a compassion to our daughters sir Kill not your Hope's in their restraint Bless me eternity, I'll not believe That any woman after this can love Her husband, o my Lord, merciless woman For here all other titles lost away With her, see her lodged within the Castle. I shall, and with as much brevity

Plot summary

Plot — The Arcadia
King Basilius understands an oracle to have foretold that his daughters’ marriage will result in his death and the usurpation of his throne by a foreigner; it has also indicated that he will commit adultery with his own wife. In an effort to thwart any destiny, he has decided to keep the girls unmarried virgins; he leaves court, placing the kingdom under the rule of his deputy, Philanax, and lodges his elder daughter Pamela in the forest with Dametas. Pyrocles and Musidorus are amorously interested in Basilius’ daughters, Pamela and Philoclea, and come to Arcadia in disguise. Musidorus poses as a shepherd, takes a job under Dametas, and, to enable him to elope with Pamela, gets the family out of the way with a series of ruses: Dametas is told a story of buried gold, Miso of her husband’s philandering, and Mopsa of a wishing tree which will enable her to become whatever she wants. (She wants to be a queen, with no obligation to obey anyone.) Pyrocles, meanwhile, gets access to Philoclea by disguising himself as an Amazon, Zelmane, only to find that in his new identity he has attracted interest from Basilius. ‘Zelmane’ helps to quell a rebellion by the people of Arcadia, who are dissatisfied with Basilius’ retirement from government, then arranges an assignation with the King at a nearby cave. Queen Gynecia sees through Pyrocles’ disguise and falls for him herself. He arranges for Gynecia to take his place at the date with Basilius, and approaches Philoclea while they are away. Basilius meets Gynecia in the cave and so fulfils part of the oracle: he commits ‘adultery’ with his own wife. Realizing her identity and his folly, he swears constancy, and she gives him what she takes to be a love philtre—which causes him to pass out, apparently dead. The defeated rebels take refuge in the forest, and encounter Musidorus and Pamela. Despite Pamela’s insistence that he should fight and die with honour, Musidorus persuades the rebels to release them. When they realize Pamela’s identity, however, they suspect treason and take the couple to court in an attempt to purge their own crimes. Meanwhile Pyrocles and Philoclea are found asleep together by Dametas, who has come looking for the missing Pamela. Philanax is now faced with what appears to be a royal crime wave—a poisoner queen, and two princesses guilty of sexual misconduct—and, despite Pamela’s insistence that her father’s death makes her Queen of Arcadia, he has them all imprisoned. King Euarchus comes to visit…