Early Modern Drama · Character Archetypes

WESTMORLAND

in 2 Henry the Fourth — Shakespeare, William

Metadata

Play2 Henry the Fourth
AuthorShakespeare, William
Year (catalogued)1600
First performance1597
Decade1600s
GenreHistory
Play typeAdult Professional
CompanyLord Chamberlain's (Hunsdon's) Men
Speech prefix(es)West. | We. | W • st. | •• st.
Words703
Characters3813
Typicality0.40 (cosine to cluster centroid)
TCP idA11974
BritDrama no.1083
ClusterCluster 2 — Allegory, Nature & pageant voices

Important excerpts

No keyword-matching excerpt could be extracted (the cluster label doesn't share vocabulary with this character's speech).

Full speech

Health and fair greeting from our General, The prince lord John and duke of Lancaster. When ever yet was your appeal denied Wherein have you been galled by the King? What peer hath been subornde to grate on you? That you should seal this lawless e bloody book Offorgde rebellion with a seal divine, And consecrate commotions bitter edge. There is no need of any such redress, Or if there were, it not belongs to you. But this is mere digression from my purpose. Here come I from our princely general, To know your griefs, to tell you from his Grace, That he will give you audience, and wherein It shall appear that your demands are joust, You shall enjoy them, every thing set off That might so much as think you enemies. Mowbray, you overween to take it so: This offer comes from mercy, not from fear: For lo, within a ken our army lies: Upon mine honour, all too confident To give admittance to a thought of fear: Our battle is more full of names than yours, Our men more perfect in the use of arms, Our armour all as strong our cause the best: Then Reason will our hearts should be as good: Say you not then, our offer is compelled. That argues but the shame of your offence, A rotten case abides no handling. That is intended in the Generals name, I muse you make so slight a question. The prince is here at hand, pleases your Lordship To meet his grace joust distance tween our armies. Pleases your grace to answer them directly, How far foe that you do Like their articles. I pledge your grace, and if you knew what pains, I have bestowed to breed this present peace, You would drink freely, but my love to you Shall show it self more openly hereafter. Therefore be merry coze, since sudden sorrow Serves to say thus, some good thing comes to morrow. The Leaders having charge from you to stand, Will not go off until they hear you speak. Good tidings my lord Hastings, for the which I do arrest thee traitor of high treason, And you lord Archbishop, and you lord Mowbray, Of capital treason I attach you both. Is your assembly so? Retreat is made, and execution stayed. Health to my sovereign, and new happiness Added to that that I am to deliver, Prince John your son does kiss your graces hand. Mowbray, the Bishop, Scroop, Pastings, and all, Are brought to the correction of your law: There is not now a rebels sword unsheathed, But Peace puts forth her olive every where, The manner how this Actium hath been born, Here at more leisure may your highness read, With every course in his particular. My sovereign Lord, cheer up your self, look up. Then my L. unto your Grace do I in chief address The substance of my speech: if that rebellion Came Like it self, in base and a abject routs, Led on by bloody youth, guarded with rage, And countenaunst by boys and beggary. I say, if damned commotion so appear, In his true, native, and most proper shape, You, reverend father, and these noble Lords, Had not been here to dress the owgly form Of base and bloody Insurrection With your fair Honours. You (lord Archbishop) Whose Sea is by a civil peace maintainde, Whose beard the silver hand of Peace hath touched, Whose learning and good letters Peace hath tutord, Whose white investments figure innocence, The Dove, and very blessed spirit of peace. Wherefore do you so ill translate your self Out of the speech of peace that bears such grace, Into the harsh and boisterous tongue of war? Turning your books to graves, your ink to blood, Your pens to lances, and your tongue divine, To a loud trumpet, and a point of war? This will I show the General, please you Lords, In sighed of both our battles we may meet, At either end in peace, which God so frame, Or to the place of difference call the swords, Which must decide it. Exit Westmoreland. I am glad of it, Health to my Lord, and gentle cousin Mowbray.

Plot summary

Plot — 2 Henry the Fourth
After the battle of Shrewsbury, there are contradictory rumours abroad as to the outcome: some say that the King and his son have vanquished Lord Hotspur of Lancaster, whereas in fact they won. Now Lord John of Lancaster is travelling north with a power, including Sir John Falstaff, to crush the regrouping remnants of the Percy rebellion. Mistress Quickly tries to have Falstaff arrested for debt, while threatens to prevent him setting out for London, but he talks his way out of it. Back from a military expedition in Wales, Prince Henry and Poins disguise themselves as drawers and eavesdrop on Falstaff’s conversation: he says uncomplimentary things about them, but Falstaff excuses himself inventively when confronted. Northumberland’s family persuade him to flee to Scotland rather than join the other northern rebels. Falstaff musters troops in Gloucestershire, but the best men bribe their way out, leaving him with the least suitable soldiers. Prince John sees the rebels and agrees to redress their grievances if they disband their army; but when they do so, he has them arrested for treason. Falstaff arrives in the north late, but meets the rebel Sir John Colville, who promptly surrenders without a fight, having heard Falstaff’s reputation. Prince John returns to court, but Falstaff goes via Gloucestershire to visit Justice Shallow. The sickly King prepares for death, and worries about the kingdom’s future in the hands of his eldest son. News arrives of the defeat of all the rebels. Prince Henry finds his father asleep with the crown beside him, and, thinking him dead, tries it on. The King wakes to find his crown gone. Brought back, the Prince excuses himself, and the King gives deathbed advice: he should pursue an aggressive foreign policy to distract from internal dissent. He dies in the Jerusalem chamber, fulfilling a prophecy that he will die in Jerusalem. Henry V is not the King everyone expected the Prince to be. He confirms in office the Lord Chief Justice, who had imprisoned him for his misdemeanours. Pistol brings to Gloucestershire news of his accession, and Falstaff anticipates power for himself and his associates. He is disappointed: when he accosts the King at his coronation, Henry refuses to acknowledge him, and banishes him — though with a pension to ensure that poverty does not lead him back into crime. Falstaff is convinced that this is only a public show of rejection, which will later be countermanded in private; but in fact he and his crew…