Early Modern Drama · Character Archetypes

SERVANT

in Jocasta — Gascoigne, George, trans.; Kinwelmershe, Francis, trans.; Yelverton, Christopher, trans.; Euripides; Dolce, Lodovico

Metadata

PlayJocasta
AuthorGascoigne, George, trans.; Kinwelmershe, Francis, trans.; Yelverton, Christopher, trans.; Euripides; Dolce, Lodovico
Year (catalogued)1573
First performance1566
Decade1570s
GenreTragedy
Play typeInns of Court; Translation
Speech prefix(es)Ser. | SERVVS SOLVS.
Words594
Characters3345
Typicality0.16 (cosine to cluster centroid)
TCP idA01513.2
BritDrama no.438
ClusterCluster 2 — Allegory, Nature & pageant voices

Important excerpts

Passages from this character's speech that contain the most distinguishing words for Cluster 2 (horestes, quha, weill, bohor, sysimethres, griselda…). Matches are highlighted.

think, for love and trusty zeal, No son you have, does owe you more than I: For hereunto I am by duty bound, With service meet no less to honour you, Than that renowned prince your dear father. And as my duties be most infinite, So infinite, must also be my love: Then if my life or spending of my blood May be employed to do your

Full speech

My gracious Queen, as no man might surmount The constant faith I bear my souraine lord, So do I think, for love and trusty zeal, No son you have, does owe you more than I: For hereunto I am by duty bound, With service meet no less to honour you, Than that renowned prince your dear father. And as my duties be most infinite, So infinite, must also be my love: Then if my life or spending of my blood May be employed to do your highness good, Command (Oh Queen) command this carcase here. In spite of death to satissie thy will, So, though I die, yet shall my willing ghost Contentedly forsake this withered corpse, For joy to think I never showed my self Ingrateful once to such a worthy Queen. Oh luckless babe, begotten in woeful hour. "Experience proves, and daily is it seen, "In vain, too vain man strives against the heavens. Oh fierce aspect of cruel planets all, That can decree such seas of heinous faults. No marvel, though the golden Sun withdrew His glittering beams from such a sinful fact. How could it be, that knowing he had done So foul a blot, he would remain alive? Of others all, most cause have we to moan Thy woeful smart (Oh miserable Queen) Such and so many are thy grievous harms. The mighty Gods prevent so fowl a deed. O thunbridled minds of ambitious men. Small space God wot, to stint so great a strife. (Oh noble Queen) sith unto such affairs My speedy diligence is requisite, I will apply effectually to do What so your highness hath commanded me. "The simple man, whose marvel is so great "At stately courts, and princes regal seats, "With gazing eye but only does regard "The golden gloss that outwardly appears, "The crowns bedecked with pearl and precious stones, "The rich attire embossed with beaten gold, "The glittering mace, the pomp of swarming train, "The mighty halls heaped full of flattering friends, "The huge chambers, the goodly gorgeous beds, "The guilted roofs, embowde with curious work, "The sweet faces of fine disdaining dams, "The vain suppose of wanton reign at Lust: "But never views with eye of inward thought, "The painful toil, the great and grievous cares, "The troubles still, the new increasing fears, "That princes nourish in their jealous breasts: "He wayeth not the charge that Jove hath laid "On princes, how for themselves they reign not: "He weens, the law must stoop to princely will, "But princes frame there noble wills to law: "He knoweth not, that as the boisterous wind "Does shake the tops of highest reared towers, "So does the force of forward fortune strike "The wight that highest sits in haughty state. Lo Oedipus, that sometime reigned king Of The ane soil, that wonted to suppress The mightiest Prince, and keep him under check, That fearful was unto his foreign foes, Now Like a poor afflicted prisoner, In dungeon dark, shut up from cheerful light, In every partly so plagued with annoy, As he abhors to lead a longer life, By means whereof, the one against the other His wrathful sons have planted all their force, And Thebes here, this ancient worthy town, With threatening siege girded in on every idem, In danger lies to be subverted quite, If help of heavenly Jove uphold it not, But as dark night succeeds the shining day, So lowering grief comes after pleasant joy. Well now the charge his highness did command I must fulfil, though happily all in vain.

Plot summary

Plot — Jocasta
Oedipus unknowingly murdered his father and married his mother Jocasta; on learning the truth, he blinded himself. His sons imprisoned him and agreed to alternate annually as kings of Thebes: Polynices went into exile while Eteocles took the first turn on the throne; but Eteocles refused to give it up at the end of his year in office, and Polynices has besieged Thebes in association with the King of Argos. Jocasta intervenes as their mother, and persuades Polynices to enter Thebes and meet Eteocles under truce. Eteocles will not hand over power, but offers to accept his brother back as a private citizen. Jocasta is unable to reconcile her sons, and Polynices’ forces prepare for battle. Eteocles names Creon as his successor, and asks him to marry Antigone to his son Haemon. Creon consults Tiresias, and learns that Thebes is doomed to destruction in divine revenge for Jocasta’s incest; only the death of his other son, Menoeceus, can save the city. Keen to die for his country, Menoeceus refuses to go into exile as his father wishes, reports the prophecy to Eteocles, and kills himself. Meanwhile, the battle is indecisive, and Eteocles and Polynices agree to settle their dispute in single combat. Jocasta and Antigone are too late to stop them killing each other: arriving to find them both dying, Jocasta stabs herself with Polynices’ dagger. The besieging army is massacred by the Thebans. Antigone brings the three bodies back to Thebes and tells her father what has happened. Creon declares himself King of Thebes and gives order for the funerals of Jocasta and Eteocles, but demands that Polynices, as an enemy of the city, should remain unburied. Antigone protests, pleads, and refuses to marry Haemon, threatening to kill him and then herself should Creon try to force her. Creon banishes both her and Oedipus. She helps her blind father to touch the dead bodies, and he asks her to see that Polynices is buried.